Everything about Emmanuel Louis Masqueray totally explained
Franco-American Emmanuel Louis Masqueray (1861-1917) was a preeminent figure in the history of
American architecture, both as a gifted designer of landmark buildings and as an influential teacher of the profession of architecture.
Childhood and architectural education in France
Born in
Dieppe,
France, on
September 10 1861, the son of Charles Emmanuel and Henrette Marie Louis de Lamare Masqueray, he was educated at Rouen and Paris. Having decided to become an architect, he studied at the
Ecole des Beaux Arts, Paris, as a pupil of Jean-Claude Laisné and Paul-René-Léon Ginain, and was awarded the Deschaumes Prize by the Institute of France. He also received the Chandesaigues Prize. While in Paris he also served the Commission des Historiques.
Architectural practice and teaching in New York
He came to the United States in 1887 to work for the firm of
Carrère and Hastings in New York City; both John Mervin Carrère (
November 9 1858 –
March 1 1911) and Thomas Hastings (1860 - 1929) had been fellow students with Masqueray at the Ecole des Beaux Arts. Five years later, he joined the office of
Richard Morris Hunt (1827-1895), the first American architect to attend the Ecole des Beaux Arts; in Hunt's firm he helped design many notable buildings including
The Breakers for
Cornelius Vanderbilt II in
Newport, Rhode Island.
In 1897, Masqueray left the Hunt office to work for
Warren & Wetmore, also in New York City, Whitney Warren having been his fellow student at the Ecole des Beaux Arts, Paris. He was responsible for the design of the
Long Island College Hospital in Brooklyn.
Architectural practice in St. Louis
His reputation became international in 1901 when the commissioner of architects of the
St. Louis Exposition selected him to be Chief of Design. Masqueray in turn employed some of his former students including Frank Swales and George Nagle. As Chief of Design of the
Louisiana Purchase Exposition, a position he held for three years, Masqueray had architectural oversight of the entire Fair and personally designed the following Fair buildings:
Palace of Agriculture
The Cascades and Colonnades
Palace of Forestry, Fish, and Game
Palace of Horticulture
Palace of Transportation
Design ideas from all of these were widely emulated in civic projects across the United States as part of the City Beautiful Movement. Masqueray resigned shortly after the fair opened in 1904, having been invited by Archbishop John Ireland of St. Paul to come to Minnesota and design the new Cathedral of Saint Paul in Saint Paul for the city.
Architectural practice in St. Paul
Masqueray arrived in St. Paul in 1905 and remained there until his death. He designed about two dozen parish churches for Catholic and Protestant congregations in the upper Midwest, including:
The Basilica of Saint Mary, Minneapolis (1908)
St. Paul's Episcopal Church on the Hill, St. Paul (1912)
The Chapel and University Hall at the University of St. Thomas, Minnesota
The Church of the Most Holy Redeemer, Marshall, Minnesota (1915)
He also designed three more cathedrals, of which two were built:
The Cathedral of the Immaculate Conception, Wichita, Kansas
St. Joseph Cathedral, Sioux Falls, South Dakota
Masqueray also designed important residences in and around St. Paul (one of which is owned by radio personality Garrison Keeler) and "Wind's Eye" in Dellwood MN, as well as several parochial schools for the Catholic Archdiocese of St. Paul.
He also designed:
Keane Hall at Loras College
The planned new city of Twin Falls, ID.
In St. Paul in 1906, Masqueray founded an atelier which continued his Beaux Arts method of architectural training, among his students who trained there, perhaps the best known is Edwin H. Lundie (1886-1972). Other architects associated with Masqueray in St. Paul were Fred Slifer and Frank Abrahamson.
Masqueray was a charter member of the Society of Beaux Arts Architects (now the Van Alen Institute) and the Architectural League of New York, the New York Chapter of the American Institute of Architects, as well as the national organization. Masqueray died in St. Paul on May 26 1917.[Further Information]
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